Horizontal recursion in soft OR

Soft or Approaches

This paper is an inquiry into the nature and characteristics of the so-called soft approaches in Operational Research (OR). After a first outline of soft approaches, six wellknown and widely applied soft approaches are selected for further study and characterisation applying a multi-dimensional framework. In addition, some reflexions about the limitations of such a framework are discussed.

Vertical or horizontal visual analogue scales.

Vertical and horizontal visual analogue scales have been compared in the measurement of pain. There was a good correlation between the 2 scales, but the scores from horizontal scales tended to be slightly lower than those from vertical scales.

Recursion and Recursion- Like Structure in Ensembles of Neural Elements

Connectionist models have used general principles to model phenomena across many mental domains. Thus, they seem promising for uniting diverse syntactic phenomena (e.g., language, music, action). A challenge has been understanding how recursion can work in neurons. Headway has been made in training Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs) to process languages which can be handled by the use of one or m...

Horizontal or Generalized Resistance to Pathogens in Plants

Recursion in Pragmatics